The Constitution

Constitution of the Republic of Iraq

Republic of Iraq

(Preamble)

In the Name of God, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful
“And We have certainly honored the children of Adam.”
We are the sons of the Valley of the Two Rivers, the homeland of the Messengers and Prophets, the resting place of the pure Imams, the cradle of civilization, the creators of writing, the pioneers of agriculture, and the inventors of numerals. On our land, the first law established by man was enacted. In our homeland, the most ancient and just covenant of national policy was written. On our soil, the Companions and saints prayed, philosophers and scholars theorized, and writers and poets excelled. In recognition of God’s right over us, in response to the call of our country and citizens, in response to the call of our religious leaders and national forces, and the insistence of our great authorities, leaders and politicians, and amidst the global support of our friends and loved ones, we marched for the first time in our history to the ballot boxes by the millions, men, women, old and young, on the thirtieth of January of the year two thousand and five AD, recalling the pains of sectarian oppression by the tyrannical clique and inspired by the tragedies of the martyrs of Iraq, Shiites and Sunnis, Arabs, Kurds and Turkmen, and from all components of the people, inspired by the injustice of the desecration of the holy cities and the south in the Shaaban uprising, and burned by the flames of grief of the mass graves, the marshes, Dujail and others, and recalling the torments of national oppression in the massacres of Halabja, Barzan, Anfal and the Fayli Kurds, and recalling the tragedies of the Turkmen in Bashir, The people of the western region, like the rest of Iraq, are suffering from the elimination of their leaders, symbols, and sheikhs, the displacement of their talents, and the drying up of their intellectual and cultural resources. So, we strive, hand in hand and shoulder to shoulder, to create our new Iraq, the Iraq of the future, without sectarianism, racism, regional complexes, discrimination, or exclusion. Takfirism and terrorism did not deter us from moving forward to build a state of law, nor did sectarianism and racism stop us from marching together to strengthen national unity, pursue paths for the peaceful transfer of power, adopt a method of fair distribution of wealth, and provide equal opportunities for all. We, the people of Iraq, who have just risen from our slump and confidently look to our future through a federal, democratic, and pluralistic republican system, are determined, with our men and women, our elders and our youth, to respect the rule of law, achieve justice and equality, reject the policy of aggression, care for women and their rights, the elderly and their concerns, and children and their affairs, promote a culture of diversity, and defuse terrorism.
We, the people of Iraq, with all its components and sects, have pledged to freely and freely decide to unite, to learn from yesterday for tomorrow, and to enact this permanent constitution, based on the system of values ​​and ideals of divine messages and the latest developments in human science and civilization. Commitment to this constitution preserves Iraq’s free union, its people, its land, and its sovereignty.

Provisions of the Iraqi Constitution / Foreign Policy

Article (1)

The Republic of Iraq is a single, independent, and fully sovereign federal state, with a democratic, representative, and republican system of government. This Constitution guarantees the unity of Iraq.

Article 8

Iraq shall uphold the principle of good neighborliness, commit itself to non-interference in the internal affairs of other states, seek to resolve disputes by peaceful means, establish its relations on the basis of mutual interests and reciprocity, and respect its international obligations.

Article 9

e. The Iraqi government shall respect and implement Iraq’s international obligations regarding the non-proliferation, development, production, and use of nuclear, chemical, and biological weapons, and prohibit all equipment, materials, technology, and communication systems related to their development, manufacture, production, and use.

Article 61

Fourth: The process of ratifying international treaties and agreements shall be regulated by a law enacted by a two-thirds majority of the members of the Council of Representatives.

Article 73

Second: Ratification of international treaties and agreements shall be subject to the approval of the Council of Representatives. They shall be deemed ratified fifteen days after the date of receipt.

Article 80

Sixth: Negotiating and signing international treaties and agreements, or through a representative authorized by the Federal Government.

Article 109

The federal authorities shall preserve the unity, integrity, independence, sovereignty, and federal democratic system of Iraq.

Article 110

First: Formulating foreign policy, conducting diplomatic representation, negotiating, signing, and concluding international treaties and agreements, and borrowing policies, and formulating sovereign foreign economic and trade policy.

Eighth: Planning policies related to water resources from outside Iraq, ensuring water flow rates and their equitable distribution within Iraq, in accordance with international laws and norms.